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mRNA synthesis using T7 polymerase Materials and methods br
2025-02-18

Materials and methods Results Discussion ATX plays a significant role in initiating and sustaining tumor metastasis [43]. LPA stimulates cell proliferation, migration and survival by acting on its cognate G-protein-coupled receptors. Aberrant LPA production, receptor mRNA synthesis using T7 p
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DRiPs also contribute to formation of protein aggregates tha
2025-02-18

DRiPs also contribute to formation of protein cell adhesion molecules that result from dysregulation of proteostasis, during which the proteolytic machinery is unable to process and degrade defective proteins (Tyedmers et al., 2010). Aggregation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins has been observed in d
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We have recently reported a regulatory effect
2025-02-18

We have recently reported a regulatory effect of quercetin on the AChE activity in the brainstem during the demyelination and remyelination process [17]. It has also been observed that there is a protective effect on lipid peroxidation and worsening of motor functions caused by loss of myelin in the
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exemplifies three of the compounds investigated
2025-02-18

exemplifies three of the compounds investigated in the selection for a candidate drug (CD). Our first criteria was an IC GW3965 HCl as such did not show any genotoxicity in the SOS/umu assay, but this does not say anything about any possible genotoxicity of its metabolites or degradation products. A
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and LO are members of the lipoxygenase family that
2025-02-18

5- and 12/15-LO are members of the lipoxygenase family that convert arachidonic Bioactive plant extract into lipid mediators such as leukotriene B4 (LTB) and 12()-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and 15()-HETE, respectively. Evidence from several in vitro and in vivo studies has shown that activa
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Based on the extracellular domain structures we
2025-02-18

Based on the extracellular domain structures, we can infer that the dimer arrangement of GABAB receptor will undergo substantial changes upon receptor activation (Geng et al., 2013). First, agonist-stimulated closure of GABAB1 VFT would cause an upward rotation of its LB2 domain, coupled with an inw
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br Material and methods br
2025-02-18

Material and methods Results Discussion T2D is a substantial threat to global human health [31]. Obesity-associated chronic low-grade inflammation promotes insulin resistance and T2D [32]. In obese individuals, the production of numerous inflammatory molecules including IL-6 and TNF-a is up
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Calcineurin has been established to
2025-02-18

Calcineurin has been established to be a ubiquitous Ca2+-activated serine phosphatase in the nervous system (Pyrzynska et al., 2001). It has been reported that the activation of calcineurin protects aromatase from autophagy-mediated protein degradation, implying that calcineurin-dependent dephosphor
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Coincident with APJ receptor several cell types in the
2025-02-18

Coincident with APJ receptor, several cell types in the body can synthesize apelin protein. For example, the highest apelin concentrations in the body have been found in the rat central nervous system, pituitary gland, lungs, cardiac muscle, gastrointestinal tract and mammary glands, with lower valu
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Cell surface metalloproteases coordinate signaling during de
2025-02-18

Cell surface metalloproteases coordinate signaling during development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is a well-characterized member among ADAM family, which mediates the cleavage of various cell surface proteins (Black, 2002, Black et al., 1997, Dello
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Liao and van Linden et al divided
2025-02-17

Liao [47] and van Linden et al. [48] divided the gap between the N-terminal and C-terminal lobes into a front cleft or pocket, a gate area, and a back cleft. The back pocket corresponds to the gate area and the back cleft. The front cleft includes the Gly-rich loop, the hinge, the linker connecting
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An important observation in our study is the lack of
2025-02-17

An important observation in our study is the lack of effect of paroxetine pretreatment alone on β2AR membrane expression, which suggests that paroxetine, and pharmacologic inhibition of GRK2 in general, does not directly induce changes in receptor dynamics. Rather, the decreased ligand-induced β-arr
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myosin Renal fibrosis is regarded as the final common pathwa
2025-02-17

Renal fibrosis is regarded as the final common pathway for most forms of progressive renal disease, and mouse UUO is a widely accepted experimental model of renal injury leading to extreme fibrosis localized to the interstitial compartment. A-306989 attenuated the mRNA expression levels of several k
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The difficulty of characterizing nAChRs
2025-02-17

The difficulty of characterizing nAChRs in the central nervous system is also exemplified by early observations that nicotine caused no detectable effect when applied on a brain slice and it is only with the focal and high time resolution of more recent experiments that the effects of nicotinic neur
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To help ensure the fidelity of mitosis
2025-02-17

To help ensure the fidelity of mitosis and cytokinesis cells monitor these processes and delay cell cycle progression in response to certain defects. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a surveillance system which delays FITC, Fluorescein isothiocyanate onset until a bipolar spindle has been c
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